Polymers, also known as polymers, are compounds with a relative molecular weight of more than 10,000 formed by covalent bonds of thousands of atoms, which can be divided into inorganic polymers and organic polymers.
Organic polymer compounds can be split into two types: natural and synthetic. Natural ones include starch and cellulose, while synthetic ones include polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride.
These compounds have high molecular weight and a basic chemical structure. They are made up of many repeating units. Monomer refers to the low molecular weight compounds that make up polymer compounds.
Polymers can be made in three ways. These include organic synthesis in factories or labs, biosynthesis in cells and organs, and chemical improvement of natural polymers. Enzymes are used to make natural polymers and biopolymers in cells. An example of chemical improvement is the reaction of nitric acid with cellulose to produce nitrocellulose.
Enzymes help make natural polymers and biopolymers in cells. One example of chemical improvement is when nitric acid reacts with cellulose to make nitrocellulose. The vulcanization reaction of rubber and sulfur improves the properties of natural rubber.
The utilization of polymer products extends extensively across various industries due to their remarkable versatility and unique properties. Among the commonly employed polymers, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and polycarbonate, their diverse applications are evident.
In the packaging sector, polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate contribute to lightweight and durable containers for food and beverages. Polypropylene finds its place in the automotive industry, providing sturdy components like bumpers and interior parts. The construction field benefits from the resilience of polystyrene in insulation materials. Moreover, the optical clarity and impact resistance of polycarbonate make it an ideal choice for eyeglass lenses, safety goggles, and electronic device screens.
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