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2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid

CAS：81-16-3
MW:223.24836
MF：C10H9NO3S

Azo dye intermediate, optical brighteners.

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Names and ldentifier
Properties
Use and Manufacturing
Safety and Handling
Msds
NMR Spectrum
Other Information
Computational chemical data
Related Questions
Realated Product Infomation

1. Names and Identifiers

1.1 Name: 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid

1.2 Synonyms: 1H-6-Thia-13a-azabenzo(f)naphth(1,2,3-cd)azulene, 2,3,4,4a,7,8,12b,13-octahydro-, trans-(±)-; 1H-6-Thia-13a-azabenzo[f]naphth[1,2,3-cd]azulene, 2,3,4,4a,7,8,12b,13-octahydro-; 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-amino-; 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-amino-, ion(1-); 1-Naphthalenesulfonicacid,2-amino-; 2 NAPHTHYLAMINE SULPHONIC ACID; 2,3,4,4a,7,8,12b,13-Octahydro-1H-6-thia-13a-azabenzo[f]naphtho[1,2,3-cd]azulene; 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonate; 2-AMINO-1-NAPHTHALENESULFONIC ACID; 2-Amino-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid; 2-NAPHTHYLAMINE-1-SULFONIC ACID; 2-Naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid (Tobias acid); 2-Naphthylamine-1-sulphonic acid; EINECS 201-331-5; MFCD00003988; SUPER J ACID; TOBIAS ACID; trans-(±)-2,3,4,4a,7,8,12b,13-Octahydro-1H-6-thia-13a-azabenzo(f)naphth(1,2,3-cd)azulene;

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1.3 CAS No.: 81-16-3

1.4 CID: 6670

1.5 EINECS: 201-331-5

1.6 Molecular Formula: C10H9NO3S

1.7 Inchi: InChI=1S/C10H9NO3S/c11-9-6-5-7-3-1-2-4-8(7)10(9)15(12,13)14/h1-6H,11H2,(H,12,13,14)

1.8 InChkey: GWIAAIUASRVOIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

1.9 Canonical Smiles: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=C2S(=O)(=O)O)N

1.10 Isomers Smiles: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=C2S(=O)(=O)O)N

2. Properties

2.1 Solubility: 4.083g/L(20 ºC)

2.2 Appearance: DryPowder

2.3 Storage: Ambient temperatures.

2.4 Chemical Properties: Grey white to light pink powder

2.5 Color/Form: WHITE NEEDLES|Anhydrous scales from hot water; hydrated needles from cold water

2.6 Decomposition: When heated to decomp it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides/.

2.7 pKa: pK1: 2.35 (25°C)

2.8 Water Solubility: 4.083g/L(20 oC)

3. Use and Manufacturing

3.1 Description: 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS 81-16-3) is a chemical compound that appears as a white to light yellow powder. It has a basic structure consisting of a naphthalene ring with an amino group (-NH2) and a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) attached to it. This compound is soluble in water and forms a clear solution. It has a molecular weight of 223.24 g/mol and a melting point of 235-237°C.

Applicable Fields
2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid has various applications in different fields:

Textile Industry: In the textile industry, this chemical is used as a dye intermediate. It acts as a precursor for the synthesis of various dyes, including acid dyes and reactive dyes. The mechanism of action involves the chemical reaction between the amino group and the dye precursors, resulting in the formation of colored compounds that can be used for dyeing textiles.

Chemical Research: 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid is also utilized in chemical research as a building block for the synthesis of other organic compounds. It can be used as a starting material for the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. The mechanism of action in chemical reactions involves the functionalization of the amino group or the sulfonic acid group to introduce desired chemical functionalities.

Storage Conditions
The storage conditions for 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid should be a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight. It is important to keep the chemical in a tightly sealed container to prevent moisture absorption and degradation. Proper labeling and handling procedures should be followed to ensure safe storage and minimize the risk of exposure.

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3.2 Methods of Manufacturing: 2-Naphthol is sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid in the o-nitroethylbenzene solvent to produce 2-naphthol-1-sulfonic acid, which is neutralized and separated with soda ash to obtain sodium 2-naphthol-1-sulfonate. Ammoniolysis in the presence of ammonium sulfite to obtain sodium 2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonate, which is then acidified with hydrochloric acid and filtered to obtain 2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid. Raw material consumption quota: 2-naphthol (98%) 770kg/t, chlorosulfonic acid (95%) 700kg/t, o-nitroethylbenzene (98%) 176kg/t, liquid ammonia (99%) 300kg/t, Soda ash 335kg/t.

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3.3 Purification Methods: Crystallise the acid under nitrogen from boiling water and dry it in a steam oven [Bryson Trans Faraday Soc 47 522, 527 1951]. [Beilstein 14 III 2240, 14 IV 2792.] 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Preparation Products And Raw materials Preparation Products

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3.4 Usage: Azo dye intermediate, optical brighteners.

4. Safety and Handling

4.1 Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: log Kow= -1.16

4.2 Other Preventative Measures: SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

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4.3 DisposalMethods: SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

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4.4 Protective Equipment and Clothing: An eye irritant.

4.5 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations: An eye irritant.

4.6 Safety: Safety Information of 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS NO.81-16-3):
Risk Statements: 36/37/38-40
36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39
26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection
RIDADR: 2585
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: QK1250000
HazardClass: 8
PackingGroup: III

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4.7 Specification: ? 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid , with CAS number of 81-16-3, can be called 1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-amino- ; 2-Naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid (Tobias acid) ; 2-Naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid . 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS NO.81-16-3) is used as intermediate for pigments, ci pigment 49, 6-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-amino-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid, eg.

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4.8 Toxicity: Oral-rat LD50: 19400 mg/kg

5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Not classified.

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)	No symbol.
Signal word	No signal word.
Hazard statement(s)	none
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	none
Response	none
Storage	none
Disposal	none

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

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6. NMR Spectrum

13C NMR : in DMSO-d6

13C NMR : Predict

1H NMR : 400 MHz in DMSO-d6

1H NMR : Predict

Predict 1H proton NMR

IR : KBr disc

IR : nujol mull

Mass

7. Synthesis Route

81-16-3Total: 4 Synthesis Route

91-59-8 31 Suppliers

81-16-3 160 Suppliers

567-47-5

81-16-3 160 Suppliers

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8. Precursor and Product

precursor:

7664-41-7

91-59-8

110-91-8

567-47-5

90-20-0

112291-51-7

product:

93-00-5

117-62-4

3737-76-6

580-13-2

575-44-0

69-72-7

91-60-1

81-05-0

86-60-2

494-44-0

9. Computed Properties

Molecular Weight：223.24836g/mol
Molecular Formula：C₁₀H₉NO₃S
Compound Is Canonicalized：True
Exact Mass：1.8
XLogP3-AA：223.03031432
Monoisotopic Mass：223.03031432
Complexity：322
Rotatable Bond Count：1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count：2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count：4
Topological Polar Surface Area：88.8
Heavy Atom Count：：15
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count：0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count：0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count：0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count：0
Isotope Atom Count：0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count：1
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint：AAADccByMABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwYAAAAAAAAADBUAAAHAQQCAAADAiBWAAwwcBAAIKAAiRCQHDCAEAgAgAIiBQAZIgIICKAkZGAIABgkAAIyAcQgIAOiAAAwAAUAQAQAAGAACgCAAAAAAAAAA==

10.Other Information

Merck: 14,6406

BRN: 613084

Chemical Properties: Grey white to light pink powder

Uses: Azo dye intermediate, optical brighteners.

Uses: 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid has been used in the preparation of 2-(2-naphthylamino)benzoxazole by reacting with 2-chlorobenzoxazole.

Dissociation Constants: pK1= 2.35 in water @ 25 °C

Storage features: Warehouse ventilated, low temperature and dry

Disposal Methods: SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

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Preventive Measures: SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

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Pollution Sources: 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid's production and use as a dyestuff intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 220(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is 2.35(3), indicating that this compound will exist as an anion in the environment and anions typically have greater mobility in soils than do neutral species(4). However, 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is also an aromatic amine and these compounds are susceptible to strong irreversible binding to humic material due to the high reactivity of the aromatic amino group(5). Volatilization of 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process because anions do not volatilize. 2-Amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 5.3X10-10 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6). A screening study using an activated sludge inoculum(7) suggests biodegradation in soil occurs slowly(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 220(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected because 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid will exist as an anion in water based on a pKa of 2.35(3), and anions do not volatilize. According to a classification scheme(4), BCF values of 6 or less measured in carp(5), suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A screening study using an activated sludge inoculum(5) suggests biodegradation in water occurs slowly(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 5.3X10-10 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Naphthalene and structurally related chemicals absorb light greater than 290 nm and are susceptible to photolysis(3); however the rate of this potential reaction is not known for 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic(SRC).

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Abiotic Degradation: The pKa's for 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid have been estimated as 0.59 and 3.79 by an estimation method based on perturbed molecular orbital theory and linear free energy (LFER) methods(1). A pKa of 2.35 has also been reported (presumably for the sulfonic acid moiety)(2). These pKa values indicate 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic will primarily exist as an anion in the environment(SRC). Other than the loss of a proton from the sulfonic acid group, or the protonation of the amine group at very low pH, no other hydrolysis reactions are expected to occur(SRC). Naphthalene and structurally related chemicals absorb light greater than 290 nm and are susceptible to photolysis(3); however the rate of this potential reaction is not known for 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid(SRC).

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Bioconcentration: 6.03|BCF values of 6 or less were measured for carp exposed to either 0.5 or 5 ug/l of 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid over an 8 week exposure period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Mobility: Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid can be estimated to be 220(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. The pKa of 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is 2.35(3), indicating that this compound will exist as an anion in the environment and anions typically have greater mobility in soils than do neutral species(4). However, 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is also an aromatic amine and these compounds are susceptible to strong irreversible binding to humic material due to the high reactivity of the aromatic amino group(5).

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Volatilization: The pKa of 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is 2.35(1), which indicates this compound will exist as an anion in the environment. Volatilization from water and moist soil surfaces will not occur since anions do not volatilize. Volatilization from dry soil is not expected(SRC), based on its estimated vapor pressure of 5.3X10-10 mm Hg at 25 °C determined from a fragment constant method(2).

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Human Exposure: Occupational exposure to 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid is produced or used. (SRC)

Absorption: 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid, important dyestuff intermediate, was rapidly absorbed by rats given oral dose and was excreted in urine entirely unchanged. To confirm that no scission of C-S bond had occurred, (35)SO4(2-) was sought but not detected after admin of (35)S-2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid.|(35)S-labeled Tobias acid was admin iv or orally 1 mg/kg to rats resulted in almost exclusive urine elimination from iv and equal elimination in urine and feces from oral admin. There was significant absorption by GI tract.

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Metabolism: 2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid ...was rapidly absorbed by rats given oral dose and was excreted ...unchanged.

Antidote: Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Naphthalene and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's. Adequate hydration must be maintained to prevent renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria unless signs of cerebral or pulmonary edema are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Naphthalene and related compounds/|Basic Treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Encourage patient to take deep breaths. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Irritating materials/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Irritating materials/|NAPHTHALENE toxicosis caused by vapor inhalation can usually be managed simply by removing the individual to fresh air. Skin contamination should be removed promptly by washing with soap and water. Eye contamination should be removed by flushing with copious amounts of clear water. Irritation may be severe, and if it persists, should receive medical attention. SRP: /It may be helpful to empty stomach and administer dose of activated charcoal/ Examine the plasma for evidence of hemolysis: a reddish-brown tinge. Examine the blood smear for "ghosts" and Heinz bodies. If /hemolysis is/ present, monitor red blood cell count and hematocrit for anemia, urine for protein, and cells. Measure direct- and indirect-reacting bilirubin in the plasma. Monitor fluid balance and blood electrolytes. If possible, monitor urinary excretion of naphthol to assess severity of poisoning and clinical progress. If hemolysis is clinically significnt, administer intravenous fluids to accelerate urinary excretion of the naphthol metabolite and protect the kidney from products of hemolysis. Use Ringer's-lactate or sodium bicarbonate to keep urine pH above 7.5. Consider use of mannitol, or furosemide, to promote diuresis. If urine flow declines, intravenous infusions must be carefully monitored to avoid fluid overload. Institute hemodialysis. Consider charcoal hemoperfusion in tandem to extract naphthalene and end-products. If anemia is severe, blood transfusions may be needed. Hydrocortisone may be of some benefit if significant hemolysis is present. /Fumigant poisoning/

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Human Toxicity Excerpts: /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ An eye irritant.|/SPECIAL STUDIES/ Immunological studies have shown an increased lymphocyte reactivity in patients with early stage bladder cancer and individuals with pre-stage-T1 exposed to bladder carcinogens (2-naphthylamine and industrial 1-naphthylamine containing 4-8% 2-naphthylamine) before 1952, i.e., those at high risk of developing bladder cancer. Because of the close chemical similarity of Tobias acid (2-naphthylamine-1 sulfonic acid) to 2-naphthylamine, the lymphocytotoxicity of workers exposed to this chemical was investigated. The workers using Tobias acid, unlike those exposed to 2-naphthylamine, have lymphocytes with a normal range of reactivity towards bladder cancer cells, which is in keeping with the suggestion that Tobias acid is noncarcinogenic.

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Mesh Entry Terms: 2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid

Manufacturing Info: Synthetic dye and pigment manufacturing|1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-amino-: ACTIVE|2-NAPHTHYLAMINE CAN BE USED AS INTERMEDIATE IN PRODN OF ... DYES. HOWEVER, IT IS NOT NOW USUALLY USED AS SUCH, & FREQUENTLY 2-AMINO-1-NAPHTHALENE-SULFONIC ACID IS SUBSTITUTED FOR IT.

11. Toltal 150 Suppliers View more

Hebei Yanxi Chemical Co.,Ltd

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Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co., Ltd.

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China Factory Manufacture High quality Reactive Dyes Organic Intermediate Tobias Acid Cas 81-16-3

Hebei Crovell Biotech Co. Ltd

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2-Naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid (Tobias acid)

Dayang Chem (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.

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LUYUNJIA CHEMISTRY XIAMEN LIMITED

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