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Triazol-3-amine structure

Triazol-3-amine

  • CAS:61-82-5
  • MW:84.07996
  • MF:C2H4N4
Nonselective, foliage-applied, systemic, triazole herbicide used in uncropped landand orchards to control certain grasses and to kill annual and perennial grasses and weeds.It is also effective on poison ivy, poison oak and aquatic weeds View more+
 
1. Names and Identifiers
1.1 Name
Triazol-3-amine
1.2 Synonyms
1,2,4-triazol-3-amine; 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine; 3-AMINO-(1H)-1,2,4- TRIAZOLE; 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol; 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole; 3-amino-s-triazole; 3-AT; 4H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine; Amerol; amino-1,2,4-triazole; Amino-s-triazole; AMINOTRIAZOLE; AMITROL; AMITROLE; AMITROLE(R); Amizol; AMIZOL(R); AMIZOLE; ATA; AZOLAN; Cytrol; diurol; EINECS 200-521-5; Emisol; MFCD00005230; T5MN DNJ CZ; Vorox; Weedazol;
1.3 CAS No.
61-82-5
1.4 CID
1639
1.5 EINECS
200-521-5
1.6 Molecular Formula
C2H4N4
1.7 Inchi
InChI=1S/C2H4N4/c3-2-4-1-5-6-2/h1H,(H3,3,4,5,6)
1.8 InChkey
KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
1.9 Canonical Smiles
C1=NNC(=N1)N
1.10 Isomers Smiles
C1=NNC(=N1)N
2. Properties
2.1 Vapour pressure
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 2.9
2.2 Solubility
280g/l
2.3 VaporDensity
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 2.9
2.4 Appearance
White to off-white or yellow Powder or Flakes
2.5 Storage
Ambient temperatures.
2.6 Carcinogenicity
Amitrole is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
2.7 Chemical Properties
white powder or crystals
2.8 Color/Form
White to Yellow Solid
2.9 Corrosivity
MILDLY CORROSIVE TO IRON, ALUMINUM, COPPER, & COPPER ALLOYS.
2.10 Decomposition
When strongly heated it emits highly toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.
2.11 Odor
Odorless when pure.
2.12 PH
FORMS NEUTRAL AQ SOLN BUT ACTS AS WEAK BASE WITH KB OF 1X10-10
2.13 pKa
11.14±0.20(Predicted)
2.14 Water Solubility
H2O: 280 g/L (20 oC)
2.15 Spectral Properties
IR: 21258 (Sadtler Research Laboratories IR Grating Collection)
NMR: 9499 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection)
MASS: 59429 (NIST/EPA/MSDC Mass Spectral Database, 1990 version)
2.16 Stability
Stable. Incompatible with iron, copper, aluminium, acids, alkalies, strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. Forms chelates with some metals. Moisture sensitive.
2.17 StorageTemp
Store below +30°C.
3. Use and Manufacturing
3.1 Agricultural Uses
Herbicide, Plant growth regulator: A non-food use herbicide for control of grasses,woody plants and broad-leaf weeds on hard surface and inareas where crops are not normally grown.
3.2 Definition
A powerful plant growthsuppressant and cotton defoliant that is readilyabsorbed by leaves and roots. It inhibits manyaspects of growth and differentiation including celldivision in the primary root meristems in someplants.
3.3 Description
Triazol-3-amine (CAS 61-82-5) is a chemical compound that is commonly used in various applications. It appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a faint odor. The basic structure of Triazol-3-amine consists of a triazole ring with an attached amine group. It is soluble in water and organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

Triazol-3-amine has several physical properties. It has a boiling point of approximately 150-155°C and a melting point of -20°C. It has a density of about 1.1 g/cm3. The chemical properties of Triazol-3-amine include its ability to act as a nucleophile and form covalent bonds with electrophiles. It can also undergo various chemical reactions such as acylation, alkylation, and condensation reactions.

Applicable Fields
Triazol-3-amine has several applications in different fields:

1. Pharmaceutical Industry: Triazol-3-amine is used as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. It can be used to introduce the triazole moiety into drug molecules, which can enhance their biological activity and stability. The mechanism of action involves the incorporation of the triazole group into the drug structure, which can affect its binding affinity and pharmacokinetic properties.

2. Agrochemical Industry: In the agrochemical industry, Triazol-3-amine is used as a fungicide and plant growth regulator. It can inhibit the growth of fungi and promote plant growth. The mechanism of action involves interfering with the biosynthesis of fungal cell walls and inhibiting the activity of enzymes involved in plant growth regulation.

3. Research and Development: Triazol-3-amine is also used in research laboratories for various purposes. It can be used as a reagent in organic synthesis reactions or as a starting material for the synthesis of other compounds. Its versatile nature makes it a valuable tool in chemical research.

Storage Conditions
The storage conditions for Triazol-3-amine are as follows: Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
3.4 Methods of Manufacturing
It is obtained by cyclization of hydrazine hydrate, cyanamide, formic acid; or by the action of aminoguanidine bicarbonate and formic acid, and then heating and cyclization; or guanidine nitrate can be used as a raw material, first reacting with acetic acid at a temperature of 5-15 ℃ 8h, and then react with oxalic acid, and finally obtained by circling and refluxing for 5h.
3.5 Potential Exposure
A potential danger to those involvedin the manufacture, formulation, and application of thispostemergence herbicide, which is now limited to noncropapplications as a herbicide and plant growth regulator.Some triazoles have been used as rubber components.
3.6 Produe Method
Amitrole is synthesized by condensing formic acid withaminoguanidine and can be purified by recrystallizationfrom methanol.
3.7 Shipping
UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class:6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical NameRequired. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardousmaterial, Technical Name Required.
3.8 Usage
Nonselective, foliage-applied, systemic, triazole herbicide used in uncropped landand orchards to control certain grasses and to kill annual and perennial grasses and weeds.It is also effective on poison ivy, poison oak and aquatic weeds
4. Safety and Handling
4.1 Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient
log Kow= -0.97
4.2 Fire Hazard
Literature sources indicate that Triazol-3-amine is non-combustible.
4.3 Other Preventative Measures
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Vertical laminar-flow biological safety cabinets may be used for containment of in vitro procedures ... provided that the exhaust air flow is sufficient to provide an inward air flow at the face opening of the cabinet, & contaminated air plenums that are under positive pressure are leak-tight. Horizontal laminar-flow hoods or safety cabinets, where filtered air is blown across the working area towards the operator, should never be used ... Each cabinet or fume cupboard to be used ... should be tested before work is begun (eg, with fume bomb) & label fixed to it, giving date of test & avg air-flow measured. This test should be repeated periodically & after any structural changes. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Principles that apply to chem or biochem lab also apply to microbiological & cell-culture labs ... . Special consideration should be given to route of admin. ... Safest method of administering volatile carcinogen is by injection of a soln. Admin by topical application, gavage, or intratracheal instillation should be performed under hood. If chem will be exhaled, animals should be kept under hood during this period. Inhalation exposure requires special equipment. ... Unless specifically required, routes of admin other than in the diet should be used. Mixing of carcinogen in diet should be carried out in sealed mixers under fume hood, from which the exhaust is fitted with an efficient particulate filter. Techniques for cleaning mixer & hood should be devised before expt begun. When mixing diets, special protective clothing &, possibly, respirators may be required. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When ... admin in diet or applied to skin, animals should be kept in cages with solid bottoms & sides & fitted with a filter top. When volatile carcinogens are given, filter tops should not be used. Cages which have been used to house animals that received carcinogens should be decontaminated. Cage-cleaning facilities should be installed in area in which carcinogens are being used, to avoid moving of ... contaminated /cages/. It is difficult to ensure that cages are decontaminated, & monitoring methods are necessary. Situations may exist in which the use of disposable cages should be recommended, depending on type & amt of carcinogen & efficiency with which it can be removed. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": To eliminate risk that ... contamination in lab could build up during conduct of expt, periodic checks should be carried out on lab atmospheres, surfaces, such as walls, floors & benches, & ... interior of fume hoods & airducts. As well as regular monitoring, check must be carried out after cleaning-up of spillage. Sensitive methods are required when testing lab atmospheres. ... Methods ... should ... where possible, be simple & sensitive. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Rooms in which obvious contamination has occurred, such as spillage, should be decontaminated by lab personnel engaged in expt. Design of expt should ... avoid contamination of permanent equipment. ... Procedures should ensure that maintenance workers are not exposed to carcinogens. ... Particular care should be taken to avoid contamination of drains or ventilation ducts. In cleaning labs, procedures should be used which do not produce aerosols or dispersal of dust, ie, wet mop or vacuum cleaner equipped with high-efficiency particulate filter on exhaust, which are avail commercially, should be used. Sweeping, brushing & use of dry dusters or mops should be prohibited. Grossly contaminated cleaning materials should not be re-used ... If gowns or towels are contaminated, they should not be sent to laundry, but ... decontaminated or burnt, to avoid any hazard to laundry personnel. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Doors leading into areas where carcinogens are used ... should be marked distinctively with appropriate labels. Access ... limited to persons involved in expt. ... A prominently displayed notice should give the name of the Scientific Investigator or other person who can advise in an emergency & who can inform others (such as firemen) on the handling of carcinogenic substances. /Chemical Carcinogens/
The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift.
Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.
Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.
Wear the items of protective clothing the label requires: for example, non-absorbent gloves (not leather or fabric), rubber footwear (not canvas or leather), a hat, goggles, or a dust-mist filter. If no specific clothing is listed, gloves, long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and closed shoes are recommended. You can buy protective clothing and equipment at hardware stores or building supply stores.
Indoor Applications. If the label directions permit, leave all windows open and fans operating after the application is completed. If the pesticide product is only effective in an unventilated (sealed) room or house, do not stay there. Put all pets outdoors, and take yourself any your family away from treated areas for at least the length of time prescribed on the label. Apply most surface sprays only to limited areas such as cracks; don't treat entire floors, walls, or ceilings. Don't let pesticides get on any surfaces that are used for food preparation. Wash any surfaces that may have pesticide residue before placing food on them.
Indoor Applications. When using total release foggers to control pests, use no more than the amount needed and to keep foggers away from ignition sources (ovens, stoves, air conditioners, space heaters, and water heaters, for example). Foggers should not be used in small, enclosed places such as closets and cabinets or under tables and counters.
Outdoor Applications. Never apply pesticides outdoors on a windy day (winds higher than 10 mph). Position yourself so that a light breeze does not blow pesticide spray or dust into your face.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.
4.4 Cleanup Methods
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... . The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... . The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... . Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bags, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... . The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/
If a spill occurs, clean it up promptly. Don't wash it away. Instead, sprinkle the spill with sawdust, vermiculite, or kitty litter. Sweep it into a plastic garbage bag, and dispose of it as directed on the pesticide product label.
After Applying a Pesticide, Indoors or Outdoors. To remove pesticide residues, use a bucket to rinse tools or equipment three times, including any containers or utensils that you used when mixing the pesticide. Then pour the rinsewater into the pesticide sprayer and reuse the solution by applying it according to the pesticide product label directions. After applying any pesticide wash your hands and any other parts of your body that may have come in contact with the pesticide..To prevent tracking pesticides inside, remove or rinse your boots or shoes before entering your home. Wash any clothes that have been exposed to a lot of pesticide separately from your regular wash.
4.5 DisposalMethods
[40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (7/1/2005)] Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U011, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.
Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U011, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.
A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 deg C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 deg C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.
The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for aminotriazole: Concentraction process: Biological treatment.
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... Summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Incineration may be only feasible method for disposal of contaminated laboratory waste from biological expt. However, not all incinerators are suitable for this purpose. The most efficient type ... is probably the gas-fired type, in which a first-stage combustion with a less than stoichiometric air:fuel ratio is followed by a second stage with excess air. Some ... are designed to accept ... aqueous & organic-solvent solutions, otherwise it is necessary ... to absorb soln onto suitable combustible material, such as sawdust. Alternatively, chem destruction may be used, esp when small quantities ... are to be destroyed in laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": HEPA (high-efficiency particulate arrestor) filters ... can be disposed of by incineration. For spent charcoal filters, the adsorbed material can be stripped off at high temp & carcinogenic wastes generated by this treatment conducted to & burned in an incinerator. ... LIQUID WASTE: ... Disposal should be carried out by incineration at temp that ... ensure complete combustion. SOLID WASTE: Carcasses of lab animals, cage litter & misc solid wastes ... should be disposed of by incineration at temp high enough to ensure destruction of chem carcinogens or their metabolites. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Small quantities of ... some carcinogens can be destroyed using chem reactions ... but no general rules can be given. ... As a general technique ... treatment with sodium dichromate in strong sulfuric acid can be used. The time necessary for destruction ... is seldom known ... but 1-2 days is generally considered sufficient when freshly prepd reagent is used. ... Carcinogens that are easily oxidizable can be destroyed with milder oxidative agents, such as saturated soln of potassium permanganate in acetone, which appears to be a suitable agent for destruction of hydrazines or of compounds containing isolated carbon-carbon double bonds. Concn or 50% aqueous sodium hypochlorite can also be used as an oxidizing agent. /Chemical Carcinogens/
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Carcinogens that are alkylating, arylating or acylating agents per se can be destroyed by reaction with appropriate nucleophiles, such as water, hydroxyl ions, ammonia, thiols & thiosulfate. The reactivity of various alkylating agents varies greatly ... & is also influenced by sol of agent in the reaction medium. To facilitate the complete reaction, it is suggested that the agents be dissolved in ethanol or similar solvents. ... No method should be applied ... until it has been thoroughly tested for its effectiveness & safety on material to be inactivated. For example, in case of destruction of alkylating agents, it is possible to detect residual compounds by reaction with 4(4-nitrobenzyl)-pyridine. /Chemical Carcinogens/
Safe Disposal of Pesticides. The best way to dispose of small amounts of excess pesticides is to use them - apply them - according to the directions on the label. If you cannot use them, ask your neighbors whether they have a similar pest control problem and can use them. If all of the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal.
Safe Disposal of Pesticides. An empty pesticide container can be as hazardous as a full one because of residues left inside. Never reuse such a container. When empty, a pesticide container should be rinsed carefully three times and the rinsewater thoroughly drained back onto the sprayer or the container previously used to mix the pesticide. Use the rinsewater as a pesticide, following label directions. Replace the cap or closure securely. Dispose of the container according to label instructions. Do not puncture or burn a pressurized container like an aerosol - it could explode. Do cut or puncture other empty pesticide containers made of metal or plastic to prevent someone from reusing them. Wrap the empty container and put it in the trash after you have rinsed it.
4.6 FirePotential
Aqueous, nonflammable, as amitrol-t; dry powder, non-flammable, as amizol.
4.7 Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx,. An herbicide and plant growth regulator
4.8 Formulations/Preparations
Amizine is trade name for mixture of amitrole & simazine ... and fenamine refers to combination of amitrole, fenac & atrazine.
... Kleer-lot (mixture of amitrole & linuron) ... .
Amino triazole weedkiller 90 is dry soluble powder formulation containing 90% active ingredient. Cytrol amitrole-t liquid weedkiller is water soluble formulation containing 2 lbs amino triazole plus 19% ammonium thiocyanate/gal.
Pure, technical grades
Amizine is a mixture of amitrole & princep; Diurol 5030 is amitrole with diuron; Fenamine is amitrole with fenac & atrazine; Fenavar liq is amitrole with bromacil & ammonium thiocyanate; Simazol is a mixture of simazine & amitrole; Ustilan NK, Ustilan T, Ustinex are amitrole in combination with different herbicides. Farmco Amizine-AA contains 320 g/L amitrole, 320 g/L atrazine; Farmco Amitrol-T is 250 g/L amitrole, 220 g/L ammonium thiocyanate. /Mixtures/
Soluble powder, soluble concentrate, suspension concentrate, water soluble, wettable powder, or flakes.
Discontinued /Trade/ names: Amino Triazole weed killer-90; Amizine; AT-90; AT-Liquid; Cytrol Amitrole-T; Diurol; Farmaco; Herbixol; Herbizole; Kleer-Lot; Phoscatrol; Uracom; Ustilan GW; Weedazol T
The only available formulation for amitrole is a 90% wettable powder. The registrant voluntarily cancelled the 21.6% emulsifiable concentrate formulation in 1996.
Trade name: Amitrole
4.9 Incompatibilities
Dust may be explosive in air. Keepaway from strong oxidizers; strong acids; light and heat(decomposes). Corrosive to iron, aluminum, and copper.Sublimes undecomposed at reduced pressure.
4.10 Protective Equipment and Clothing
PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... Gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/
Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.
Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.
Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.]
Respirator Recommendations: At concentrations above the NIOSH REL, or where there is no REL, at any detectable concentration: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode./(Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus.
Respirator Recommendations: Escape: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister having an N100, R100, or P100 filter./Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus.
Chemical-resistant gloves. Long-sleeved shirt and long pants.
4.11 Reactivities and Incompatibilities
Light (decomposes), strong oxidizers [Note: Corrosive to iron, aluminum & copper].
4.12 Report

NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Group 2B IMEMDT ?? IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 (1987),p. 92.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.:?) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT ?? IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 41 (1986),p. 293.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.:?) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; IMEMDT ?? IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 (1974),p. 31.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.:?) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT ?? IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 (1974),p. 31.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.:?) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; IMEMDT ?? IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 41 (1986),p. 293.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.:?) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

4.13 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations
Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, skin... .
4.14 Safety

Safety Information of?3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazole (CAS NO.61-82-5):
Hazard Codes:Xn? ,N??
Risk Statements:48/22-51/53-63-40
48/21:Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
63:Possible risk of harm to the unborn child?
40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect?????
Safety Statements:13-36/37-61
13:Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs
36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves
61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet??????
RIDADR:UN 3077 9/PG 3
WGK Germany:2
RTECS:XZ3850000
HS Code:29339990
Hazardous Substances Data:61-82-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. An herbicide and plant growth regulator.

4.15 Specification

white powder or crystals
Safety Statements:13-36/37-61
13:Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs
36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves
61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet
4.16 Toxicity
Oral-Rat LD50: 1100 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 14700 mg/kg
5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Specific target organ toxicity \u2013 repeated exposure, Category 2

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 2

Reproductive toxicity, Category 2

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word

Warning

Hazard statement(s)

H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention

P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P273 Avoid release to the environment.

P201 Obtain special instructions before use.

P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.

P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.

Response

P314 Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.

P391 Collect spillage.

P308+P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/ attention.

Storage

P405 Store locked up.

Disposal

P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

6. NMR Spectrum
13C NMR : in DMSO-d6  
13C NMR : Predict  
1H NMR : 400 MHz in DMSO-d6  
1H NMR : Predict  
Predict 1H proton NMR  
IR : KBr disc  
IR : nujol mull  
Mass  
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)  
7. Synthesis Route
61-82-5Total: 15 Synthesis Route
 
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3641-13-2
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8. Precursor and Product
precursor:
product:
9. Computed Properties
10.Other Information
Usage
3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole is an inhibitor of mitochondrial and chloroplast function. Commercial grade 3- amino-1,2,4-triazole (which generally contains catalase anti-inhibitory impurities) is used as a cotton defoliant.
Merck
14,489
BRN
107687
Chemical Properties
white powder or crystals
Chemical Properties
Amitrole is a colorless to off-white crystalline solid or white powder. Odorless when pure.
Uses
Nonselective, foliage-applied, systemic, triazole herbicide used in uncropped land and orchards to control certain grasses and to kill annual and perennial grasses and weeds. It is also effective on poison ivy, poison oak and aquatic weeds
Uses
catalase inhibitor
Uses
Herbicide; plant regulator.
Definition
A powerful plant growth suppressant and cotton defoliant that is readily absorbed by leaves and roots. It inhibits many aspects of growth and differentiation including cell division in the primary root meristems in some plants.
Production Methods
Amitrole is synthesized by condensing formic acid with aminoguanidine and can be purified by recrystallization from methanol.
General Description
Odorless white crystals or white powder. Bitter taste. Melting point 147-159°C. Sublimes undecomposed at reduced pressure. Used as a post-emergence herbicide.
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble. Aqueous solutions are neutral. Dust may form an explosive mixture in air.
Reactivity Profile
Triazol-3-amine is a triazole derivative. The triazoles are a group that contain several derivatives that are highly explosive materials. They are sensitive to heat, friction, and impact. Sensitivity varies with the type substitution to the triazole ring. Metal chelated and halogen substitution of the triazol ring make for a particularly heat sensitive material. Azido and nitro derivatives have been employed as high explosives. No matter the derivative these materials should be treated as explosives. Triazol-3-amine forms chelates with some metals. Triazol-3-amine is corrosive to iron, copper and aluminum. Forms salts with most acids and alkalis. Triazol-3-amine is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides .
Hazard
Toxic; carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Amitrole has low acute toxicity; in experimental animal studies subchronic exposures were associated with changes in the thyroid and chronic exposures were carcinogenic.
Intentional ingestion of a mixture that contained 20 mg/kg amitrole did not cause any signs of intoxication.1 In one reported case study, inhalation of a large amount of amitrolecontaining herbicide was associated with acute toxic reaction of the lungs.2 Lung injury was thought to be secondary to direct toxic damage to the alveolar lining cells. The remarkable lack of any other reports describing pulmonary toxicity of this herbicide was noted, in addition to the presence of other chemicals in the herbicide solution.
Fire Hazard
Literature sources indicate that Triazol-3-amine is non-combustible.
Agricultural Uses
Herbicide, Plant growth regulator: A non-food use herbicide for control of grasses, woody plants and broad-leaf weeds on hard surface and in areas where crops are not normally grown.
Trade name
AMITRIL?; ATLAZIN?; ATLAZINE? FLOWABLE; AT?; 3-AT?; AT-90?; ATRAFLOW PLUS?; AZAPLANT?; AZAPLANT KOMBI?; AZOLAN?; AZOLE?; BOROFLOW? A/ATA; CAMPAPRIM? A 1544; CDA SIMFLOW PLUS?; CHIPMAN? PATH; CYTROLE?; DIUROL? AMITROLE; DOMATOL?; ELMASIL?; EMISOL?; FARMCO?; HERBAZIN PLUS SC?; HERBICIDE? TOTAL; MASCOT HIGHWAY?; MSS AMINOTRIAZOLE?; MSS SIMAZINE?; ORGA-414?; RADOXONE? TL; RAMIZOL?; RASSAPRON?; SIMAZOL?; SIMFLOW PLUS?; SOLUTION CNCENTREE T271?; SYNCHEMICALS? TOTAL WEED KILLER; SYNTOX?; TORAPRON?; VOROX?; WEEDAR?; WEEDAZIN?; WEEDAZOL TL ?; WEEDOCLOR?
Biochem/physiol Actions
BTK (also known as Bruton tyrosine kinase) plays a crucial role in B-lymphocyte differentiation and activation. BTK interacts with SRC homology 3 domains of FYN, LYN and HCK that are activated upon stimulation of B- and T-cell receptors.Defects in the BTK gene cause Agammaglobulinemia, an X-linked immunodeficiency characterized by failure to produce mature B lymphocyte cells and associated with a failure of Ig heavy chain rearrangement. The unique role of BTK makes it a desirable target for potential anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral agents as well as other treatments.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx,. An herbicide and plant growth regulator
Potential Exposure
A potential danger to those involved in the manufacture, formulation, and application of this postemergence herbicide, which is now limited to noncrop applications as a herbicide and plant growth regulator. Some triazoles have been used as rubber components.
Carcinogenicity
Amitrole is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
Environmental Fate
Soil. When radiolabeled amitrole-5-14C was incubated in a Hagerstown silty clay loam, 50 and 70% of the applied amount evolved as 14CO2 after 3 and 20 days, respectively. In autoclaved soil, however, no 14CO2 was detected. The chemical degradation in soil was probably via hydroxyl radicals (Kaufman et al., 1968). The average persistence in soils is 2–4 weeks (Hartley and Kidd, 1987)
Plant.Amitrole is transformed in plants to form the conjugate β-(3-amino-1,2,4-triazol- 1-yl)-α-alanine (Humburg et al., 1989) and/or 3-(3-amino-s-triazole-1-yl)-2-aminopropionic acid (Duke et al., 1991). Amitrole is metabolized in Canada thistl
Surface Water. In pond water, adsorption to suspended sediments was an important process. The initial half-life was reported to be no more than 68 days. After 120 days, 20% of the applied amount remained (Grzenda et al., 1966). The biodegradation
Photolytic. Direct photolysis of amitrole is not expected to occur since the herbicide shows little or no absorption greater than 295 nm (Gore et al., 1971)
Chemical/Physical. Reacts with acids and bases forming soluble salts (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987); however, incineration with polyethylene results in more than 9
Shipping
UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.
Purification Methods
It crystallises from EtOH (charcoal), then three times from dioxane [Williams et al. J Phys Chem 61 261 1957]. [Beilstein 26 H 137.] Possible carcinogen. [Beilstein 26 H 137, Temple & Montgomery 1,2,4-Triazoles —The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Vol 37 (Weissberger & Taylor eds.). Wiley & Sons NY 1981, ISBN 0-471-0656-6.]
Incompatibilities
Dust may be explosive in air. Keep away from strong oxidizers; strong acids; light and heat (decomposes). Corrosive to iron, aluminum, and copper. Sublimes undecomposed at reduced pressure.
Waste Disposal
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Amitrol is resistant to hydrolysis and the action of oxidizing agents. Burning the compound with polyethylene is reported to result in .99% decomposition.
Storage Conditions
It is obtained by cyclization of hydrazine hydrate, cyanamide, formic acid; or by the action of aminoguanidine bicarbonate and formic acid, and then heating and cyclization; or guanidine nitrate can be used as a raw material, first reacting with acetic acid at a temperature of 5-15 ℃ 8h, and then react with oxalic acid, and finally obtained by circling and refluxing for 5h.
Storage features
The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials
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12. Related Questions
Can Triazol-3-amine be an Effective Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper?Background Technology Copper is widely used in various industries such as construction, electrical, shipbuilding, and petrochemical due to its stable physical and chemical properties, good thermal con..
What is Triazol-3-amine and its Impact on Human Health?Triazol-3-amine is a chemical herbicide that is commonly used to control perennial weeds. It is a white crystalline powder with a solubility of 280g/kg in water (25℃) and 260g/kg in ethanol (75℃). I..
13. Realated Product Infomation
 
 
 
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